Why don't they go by Body Mass Index. Would it not be better. So say, if a person is over certain BMI, then they get charged more.
Because BMI is a fundamentally flawed system. It takes your heigth, cross references your weight, and if you are over or under a certain threshold you are over or underweight.
It doesnt take into account the fact that an individual may be shorter or taller than average, or especially that people who play contact sports, go to the gym frequently, and generally have more muscle mass than average will weigh more than average due to muscle weighing more than fat.
For instance, when The Governator (Arnold Schwarzenegger) was Mr Universe (i.e. heaps ripped and muscle-y etc etc) his BMI would have been off the charts, saying he was way way way overweight... i think anyone can see that hes definitly not overweight or obese so...
For this reason, BMI wont work.
Better idea is ergonomic data, including; How wide are they are the shoulders, hips/stomach/waist, thighs, knees (how far apart are the knees when resting (sitting) etc). Combine this with a person's height (which is a factor, a broad person that only spills into your space until your elbow is less of a pain than someone who spills into your space until bove you head (OMG, its coming towards us!!!).
I mean, its logical, the seats are only so wide. If you cannot fit in a single seat, or need a crowbar or the jaws of life to get out of the seat once in it... then you need 2 seats, its as much for the fat persons comfort as for those around them.
However, and this is in relation to the next part, weight or height by itself could be a factor. There could be a clause in the terms and conditions that states if you are over X kilos/pounds whatever in weight, and/or over Y cm/feet in height, you must provide accurate ergonomic data to the airline, so that way many people who fall nicely into the 'normal range' of body types, can bypass the need to give the info.
Silver said something about discrimination and Airlines not needing to know ergonomic data, well, i can imagine if they put a clause in the terms and conditions that states:
1. By agreeing to these terms and conditions, you agree to provide the airline with accurate ergonomic data if you are more than X kilos in weight or Y cm in height. (This is to ensure you are provided with an appropriate seat(s) to maxmise the comfort of yourself and other passengers.)
2. If, after providing Ergonomic data, you are found to be able to sit in a single seat in your chosen class without discomfort (yeah, right) or discomforting others, normal procedures apply (so, one person per seat, standard rate/price, sit where you want or where ever is free, etc etc)
3. If after providing ergonomic data, you are found to be unable to sit in a single seat in your chosen class without discomfort or discomforting others, due to exceeding one or more parameters from section 2 (that would be the section on a form concerned with waist sizes etc) you will need to book and purchase a second seat at 90% of the standard purchase price on that day (This is to ensure the plane does not get overbooked, though that never stopped it from happening before, the 90% thing is like a gift to the fatties, like saying, look, its not about money, we feel for you, but you need to do this for comforts sake). If it is impossible to purchase a second seat in the class of your choice, you may be required to up- or downgrade your seat to facilitate finding another seat. This is to maxmise your comfort and that of other passengers.
4. If after providing ergonomic data, you are found to be unable to sit in a single seat in your chosen class without discomfort or discomforting others, due to exceeding Y centimeters in height, you have priority when booking certain seats (subject to availability) that are more suitable to ensuring your comfort during the flight. In the event that an appropriate seat cannot be found in the class of your choice, you may be required to up- or downgrade your ticket (with proper refund) to facilitate relocating you to an appropriate seat. If there are no suitable seats are available while booking/purchasing tickets, you are able to book tickets for another flight, or choose a less than optimal seat. Conditions permitting, once the flight has reached cruise altitude, cabin staff will attempt to swap your seat with another passenger to ensure your comfort.
If the flight is overbooked and an appropriate seat is unavailable after you board, you are entitled to a complete refund and free ticket on the next available flight. If you wish to remain on your chosen flight, you are entitled to a complete refund and a discount on your next flight with <Airline name here>
5. If you are found to be able to sit in a single seat in the class of your choice with no discomfort to yourself or others after providing incorrect/incomplete ergonomic or weight data, you are subject to a fine not exceeding $600, and immediate relocation at the discretion of the Purser and/or Captain. In the event there are no seats available or you are unwilling to co-operate with the cabin crew and captain, you are subject to immediate cancellation of your ticket without refund, with an additional fine not exceeding $100.
Anyway, i think that covers all the bases, by putting it in the terms and conditions agreement, the passenger must agree to it before anything can happen. As a company, the Airline has some rights as to how it wishes to run its operation, and, regardless of how fair or unfair or bullshit their wishes are, is their perogative, and if you dont like it, you can go jump and fly with another airline. This protects the airline from descrimination suits etc.
So, the idea was that people over a certain height, weight or both would have to fill in a form with measurements, like weight, width/diameter of the body at different points (hips, shoulders etc) and give it to the Airline. If a passenger is over a certain height or weight, but is found to be able to sit in a normal seat in his class of choice without bugging other people of being uncomfortable, then fine, normal procedures, book you tickets, choose your seats, etc etc.
If a passenger exceeds the limit on one or more weight/width/diameter parameter in the form they would have to book and purchase an extra seat, preferrably next to them, so either someone in the family travels in a different part of the plane (across the aisle whatever), or the overweight passenger must move as far as necessary to find an appropriate 2 seats side by side. The 10% discount on the second seat is to make it appear that the Airline gives a damn and isnt just trying to steal you money. by giving a discount they genuinely appear to be concerned for passenger comfort.
If a passeger exceeds a certain height, he would have priority when booking seats at the front of sections or near emergency exit doors, where there is more leg room, or in other classes. If, by the time the passenger books, there are no seats left, well, tough, he can choose a later flight, or choose to sit in a less comfortable seat, and when they reach cruising altitude, the cabin crew will try to swap him with someone else in a bigger leg room seat. Then, if there are no seats available after the passenger has boarded (because of being overbooked whatever) he has the option of staying on the plane in a less comfy seat, and hoping the cabin crew can relocate him, or getting a refund, discounted ticket for another flight and free passage on the next available flight to the original destination.
Lastly, if you lie about your weight or ergonomics (height doesnt matter so much, that more about the passngers comfort than that of his neighbors) and you cant fit in a single seat without bugging your neighbors, you get a big fine and are kicked to the worst possible seats in the plane, if the worst seats happen to be pretty good, well, some people down the back will get moved up and the passenger moves down the back. If you do not co-operate, or are no available/suitable seats, you kicked off the plane and your ticket cancelled without refund, plus another, smaller fine (in the event of you being difficult... if there are no seats then the second fine is dropped).
So, i think that covers all the bases, (more or less, its by no means a legal document) but those basic guidlines should be able to facilitate introducing pricing and seating based on eorgonomic considerations. And, if people dont like it, they dont have to sign the terms and conditions. Cry all you like, but in the end, at this point, the Airlines have the law on their side