Particularly during the Reagan and the Bush years though Clinton was not completely inculpable, financiers did not care for these controls and regulations of principals, thus, they exploded leverage
The problems arising atm are due to excessive debt taken out over the current decade. Rewind just 10 years and I doubt you'd see banks bloated with toxic debt that is next to worthless but able to be sold for more temporarily. Lending, or even increased lending, isn't the problem here, it's irresponsible lending, i.e. lending to someone who is unlikely to be able to repay, and/or securing that debt against an asset worth as much or only slightly more (at the time of lending) as the loan itself, or worse, lending more than that assets value. Leveraging of a firm more generally can be a good thing not a bad one though, since it allows firms to undertake investment that is beneficial now, rather than having to wait a few years to try and get together funds from retained earnings to undertake it, by which time it may be too late. As a result, I don't really understand the points+links made in your OP.