Market

You have to discover the minor factions that hold the markets; there's a button on the top right side of the UI where you can then find these markets.

Ok, how I discover them in the Menu?

You discover the minor factions on the map using scouts

There is also a research subject to help your scouts find them much easier (very useful on very large maps).

It's this research subject here. Glono doesn't appear to be a native English speaker so there may be some language barriers in using a big research tree.

Can someone explain how this Research works. I do not usually pick it since I am not sure what it really does. Are the gravity wells and the inhabitants randomly picked before the scout arrives at the planet, and so this makes it a higher change that it will be a minor faction? Or does this affect the way the scouts choose their next destination because they have some kind of internal calculation (digital ESP) that points them to the right location.

It scouts directly to one of the undetected minor factions.

Well, its going to die anyways then before reaching it unless its like 2 jumps away, maybe the difficulties of the settings effect this I am not sure (I play impossible exclusively) but you can't just let them go or they will get crushed the moment they try to cross a planetary well with neutral units inhabiting it.

If the difficulty setting is not effecting this artificially then their uses are quite limited for a while. I should test it I suppose, it only take a moment.

It was designed when scouts were more survivable. Fixing the survivability is our priority with scouts atm.